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科罗拉多

2022/10/25 22:24:09 sports8.net 互联网

科罗拉多


科罗拉多(美国州名)一般指科罗拉多州(美国州名)

科罗拉多州(英语:Colorado)是美国西部的一州,东接堪萨斯州,南接俄克拉何马州和新墨西哥州,西邻犹他州,北与怀俄明州和内布拉斯加州接壤。该州首府兼最大城为丹佛。
科罗拉多州是以西班牙语“Colorado”命名的,意为“带点红色的”,估计这可能指的是该地区红色的砂岩地层或是科罗拉多河两岸的赭红色景观。
科罗拉多州州树为云杉,州花为薰衣草,州鸟为云雀。

历史沿革

科罗拉多州原为阿拉帕霍、切廷内和犹他等部族印第安人居住地。许多地名为印第安语。梅萨维德国家公园中的崖洞是古代印第安普埃布洛人社区的遗址。至今仍有大约9000印第安人住在该州。16-17世纪,西班牙人和法兰西人先后来此。西班牙探险家看到落基山上彩色斑斓的岩石,遂将此地取名为“科罗拉多”,意为“红色的”。1803年美国通过科罗拉多州内共分64个郡。州府丹佛市(Denver),
人口约57万,为科州政治、贸易、金融和制造业中心。科罗拉多斯普林斯市是美国空军军官学校所在地。较大的城市还有奥罗拉和莱克伍德。
主要城镇:丹佛、奥罗拉、布頼顿、恩格尔伍德、莱克伍德、阿斯彭、博尔德、科罗拉多斯普林斯、柯林斯堡、大章克申、韦尔。路易斯安那购买协议取得该州东部大片土地。1806年派克斯攀登了以其名字命名的山峰(派克斯峰)。1859年派克斯峰发现金矿,掘金者蜂拥而至。1876年美国独立100周年时建州,故有“百年州”之称,成为美国第38州。

行政区划

County
FIPS code
County seat
Established
Formed from
Etymolgy
Population
Area
Adams County
001
Brighton
1902-11-15
Split fromArapahoe County.
Named in honor ofAlva Adams, the 5th, 10th, and 14thGovernorof the State of Colorado.
441,603
1,182.29sqmi
(3,062km)
Alamosa County
003
Alamosa
1913-03-08
Split fromCostilla CountyandConejos Countycounties.
Named for thecottonwood treeswhich grow along theRio Grandeand its tributaries.Alamosais a Spanish word for acottonwood grove.
15,445
723.21sqmi
(1,873km)
Arapahoe County
005
Littleton
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. Renamed South Arapahoe County for the five months from November 15, 1902 to April 11, 1903.
Named for predecessorArapahoe County, Kansas Territory, which in turn was named for theArapaho NationofNative Americans.
572,003
804.41sqmi
(2,083km)
Archuleta County
007
Pagosa Springs
1885-04-14
Split fromConejos County.
Named in honor ofColorado State SenatorAntonio D. Archuleta.
12,084
1,354.53sqmi
(3,508km)
Baca County
009
Springfield
1889-04-16
Split fromLas Animas County.
Named in honor of pioneer andColorado territorial legislatorFelipe Baca.
3,788
2,558.48sqmi
(6,626km)
Bent County
011
Las Animas
1870-02-11
Split fromHuerfano Countyand former Cheyenne and Arapaho tribal land.
Named in honor of frontier traderWilliam Bent.
6,499
1,541.07sqmi
(3,991km)
Boulder County
013
Boulder
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named for the abundance ofgranitebouldersalongBoulder Creek.
294,567
740.48sqmi
(1,918km)
City and County of Broomfield
014
Broomfield
2001-11-15
Split fromBoulder,Adams,Jefferson, andWeldcounties and reorganized as aconsolidated city and county.
Named for thebroom cornthat was formerly grown in the area.
55,889
33.57sqmi
(87km)
Chaffee County
015
Salida
1879-02-10
Split fromCarbonate County.
Named in honor ofJerome Bunty Chaffee, one ofColorado's first twoU.S. Senatorsfrom 1876 to 1879.
17,809
1,014.12sqmi
(2,627km)
Cheyenne County
017
Cheyenne Wells
1889-03-25
Split fromElbertandBentcounties.
Named for theCheyenne NationofNative Americans.
1,836
1,781.90sqmi
(4,615km)
Clear Creek County
019
Georgetown
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named forClear Creekwhich originates in the county.
9,088
396.53sqmi
(1,027km)
Conejos County
021
Conejos
1861-11-01
Guadalupe County, one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado, was renamedConejos Countyafter six days on November 7, 1861.
Named for thecottontail rabbitsin the area.Conejosis a Spanish word forrabbits.
8,256
1,290.22sqmi
(3,342km)
Costilla County
023
San Luis
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named for the Costilla River.Costillais a Spanish word meaning eitherlittle riborfurring timber.
3,524
1,229.38sqmi
(3,184km)
Crowley County
025
Ordway
1911-05-29
Split fromOtero County.
Named in honor ofColorado State SenatorJohn H. Crowley.
5,823
800.27sqmi
(2,073km)
Custer County
027
Westcliffe
1877-03-09
Split fromFremont County.
Named in memory ofGeorge Armstrong Custer, (1839 - 1876), the U.S. Armycoloneldefeated and killed at theBattle of the Little Bighorn.
4,255
739.24sqmi
(1,915km)
Delta County
029
Delta
1883-02-11
Split fromGunnison County.
Named for the town ofDeltalocated at thedeltaof theUncompahgre River.
30,952
1,149.44sqmi
(2,977km)
City and County of Denver
031
Denver
1902-11-15
The originalArapahoeCounty Seatwas split fromArapahoe Countyand reorganized as aconsolidated city and county.
Named to curry favor withJames W. Denver,Governorof theTerritory of Kansasfrom 1857 to 1859.
600,158
155.66sqmi
(403km)
Dolores County
033
Dove Creek
1881-03-04
Split fromOuray County.
Named for theDolores River, which was originally namedel Rio de Nuestra Senora de los Dolores, which is Spanish forthe River of our Lady of Sorrows.
2,064
1,076.93sqmi
(2,789km)
Douglas County
035
Castle Rock
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named in honor ofStephen Arnold Douglas, (1813 - 1861),U.S. SenatorfromIllinoisfrom 1847 to 1861.
285,465
842.30sqmi
(2,182km)
Eagle County
037
Eagle
1883-02-11
Split fromSummit County.
Named for theEagle Riverwhich originates in the county.
52,197
1,700.76sqmi
(4,405km)
El Paso County
041
Colorado Springs
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named forUte Passin the county.El pasois a Spanish expression forthe pass.
622,263
2,128.60sqmi
(5,513km)
Elbert County
039
Kiowa
1874-02-02
Split fromDouglas County.
Named in honor ofSamuel Hitt Elbert, the sixthGovernorof theTerritory of Colorado.
23,086
1,849.08sqmi
(4,789km)
Fremont County
043
Ca?on City
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named in honor ofJohn Charles Frémont(1813 - 1890), the explorer, U.S. Army general, andU.S. SenatorfromCalifornia.
46,824
1,533.09sqmi
(3,971km)
Garfield County
045
Glenwood Springs
1883-02-10
Split fromSummit County.
Named in honor ofJames Abram Garfield(1831 - 1881), the twentiethPresident of the United States.
56,389
2,958.23sqmi
(7,662km)
Gilpin County
047
Central City
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named in honor ofWilliam Gilpin, the firstGovernorof theTerritory of Colorado.
5,441
150.15sqmi
(389km)
Grand County
049
Hot Sulphur Springs
1874-02-02
Split fromSummit County.
Named for theGrand Riverwhich originates in the county. The Grand River was renamed theColorado Riverin 1921, but the county retains the original name.
14,843
1,868.53sqmi
(4,839km)
Gunnison County
051
Gunnison
1877-03-09
Split fromLake County.
Named in honor ofJohn Williams Gunnison, the U.S. Army captain who explored the region.
15,324
3,259.22sqmi
(8,441km)
Hinsdale County
053
Lake City
1874-02-10
Split fromLake,Conejos, andCostillacounties.
Named in honor of George Aaron Hinsdale, a Lieutenant Governor of theTerritory of Colorado.
843
1,123.35sqmi
(2,909km)
Huerfano County
055
Walsenburg
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named forHuerfano Butte, a solitary volcanic plug.Huerfanois a Spanish word meaningorphan.
6,711
1,592.37sqmi
(4,124km)
Jackson County
057
Walden
1909-05-05
Split fromLarimer County.
Named in honor ofAndrew Jackson(1767 - 1845), the seventhPresident of the United States.
1,394
1,619.75sqmi
(4,195km)
Jefferson County
059
Golden
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named for its extralegal predecessor county,Jefferson County, Jefferson Territory, which in turn was named in honor ofThomas Jefferson(1743 - 1826), the author of theDeclaration of Independenceand the thirdPresident of the United States.
534,543
772.85sqmi
(2,002km)
Kiowa County
061
Eads
1889-04-11
Split fromBent County.
Named for theKiowa NationofNative Americans.
1,398
1,785.90sqmi
(4,625km)
Kit Carson County
063
Burlington
1889-04-11
Split fromElbert County.
Named in honor ofChristopher Houston "Kit" Carson, the famous frontier scout and soldier.
8,270
2,162.43sqmi
(5,601km)
La Plata County
067
Durango
1874-02-10
Split fromLakeandConejoscounties.
Named for the manysilverdeposits in the area.La platais a Spanish expression forthe silver.
51,334
1,700.44sqmi
(4,404km)
Lake County
065
Leadville
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. RenamedCarbonate Countyfor the two days from February 8–10, 1879.
Named for theTwin Lakesin the county.
7,310
383.55sqmi
(993km)
Larimer County
069
Fort Collins
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named in honor ofWilliam Larimer, a pioneer entrepreneur.
299,630
2,631.75sqmi
(6,816km)
Las Animas County
071
Trinidad
1866-02-09
Split fromHuerfano County.
Named for theAnimas River, which was originally namedel Rio de las Animas Perdidas, which is Spanish forthe River of the Souls in Purgatory.
15,507
4,773.27sqmi
(12,363km)
Lincoln County
073
Hugo
1889-04-11
Split fromElbertandBentcounties.
Named in honor ofAbraham Lincoln(1809 - 1865), the sixteenthPresident of the United States.
5,467
2,585.21sqmi
(6,696km)
Logan County
075
Sterling
1887-02-25
Split fromWeld County.
Named in honor ofJohn Alexander Logan(1826 - 1886), a U.S. Army general andU.S. SenatorfromIllinois.
22,709
1,845.31sqmi
(4,779km)
Mesa County
077
Grand Junction
1883-02-14
Split fromGunnison County.
Named for themesaformations which are widespread through the area.
146,723
3,345.69sqmi
(8,665km)
Mineral County
079
Creede
1893-03-27
Split fromHinsdale,Rio Grande, andSaguachecounties.
Named from the plentifulmineraldeposits found in the area.
712
878.16sqmi
(2,274km)
Moffat County
081
Craig
1911-02-27
Split fromRoutt County.
Named in honor of railroad pioneerDavid H. Moffat.
13,795
4,755.86sqmi
(12,318km)
Montezuma County
083
Cortez
1889-04-16
Split fromLa Plata County.
Named in honor ofAztecleaderMoctezuma II. Ruins in the area were once thought to be Aztec.
25,535
2,035.80sqmi
(5,273km)
Montrose County
085
Montrose
1883-02-11
Split fromGunnison County.
Named for the town ofMontrose, which in turn was probably named from the novelA Legend of Montrose, published in 1819 byWalter Scott.
41,276
2,246.43sqmi
(5,818km)
Morgan County
087
Fort Morgan
1889-02-19
Split fromWeld County.
Named for oldFort Morgan, which in turn was named in honor of U.S. Army ColonelChristopher A. Morgan.
28,159
1,293.83sqmi
(3,351km)
Otero County
089
La Junta
1889-03-25
Split fromBent County.
Named in honor ofMiguel A. Oteroof the prominent Otero family of theSouthwest.
18,831
1,267.66sqmi
(3,283km)
Ouray County
091
Ouray
1877-01-18
Split fromHinsdaleandLakecounties. RenamedUncompaghre Countyfor four days from 1883-02-27, to 1883-03-02.
Named in honor ofOuray, aUteNative Americanleader.
4,436
542.30sqmi
(1,405km)
Park County
093
Fairplay
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named forSouth Parkwhich occupies most of the county.
16,206
2,209.36sqmi
(5,722km)
Phillips County
095
Holyoke
1889-03-27
Split fromLogan County.
Named in honor of R.O. Phillips, secretary of the Lincoln Land Company, which sold farmsteads in the area.
4,442
688.30sqmi
(1,783km)
Pitkin County
097
Aspen
1881-02-23
Split fromGunnison County.
Named in honor ofFrederick Walker Pitkin, the secondGovernorof the State of Colorado.
17,148
970.37sqmi
(2,513km)
Prowers County
099
Lamar
1889-04-11
Split fromBent County.
Named in honor of John W. Prowers, a pioneer of theArkansas Rivervalley.
12,551
1,645.37sqmi
(4,261km)
Pueblo County
101
Pueblo
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named for historic town ofPueblo.Pueblois a Spanish word meaningvillageorpeople.
159,063
2,396.77sqmi
(6,208km)
Rio Blanco County
103
Meeker
1889-03-25
Split fromGarfield County.
Named for theWhite River, which was originally namedRio Blancoin Spanish.
6,666
3,226.24sqmi
(8,356km)
Rio Grande County
105
Del Norte
1874-02-10
Split fromCostilla CountyandConejos Countycounties.
Named for theRio Grande, which flows through the area.
11,982
913.10sqmi
(2,365km)
Routt County
107
Steamboat Springs
1877-01-29
Split fromGrand County.
Named in honor ofJohn Long Routt, the firstGovernorof the State of Colorado.
23,509
2,362.11sqmi
(6,118km)
Saguache County
109
Saguache
1866-12-29
Split fromLakeandCostillacounties.
Name comes from aUte languagenoun meaning "sand dunes".
6,108
3,168.32sqmi
(8,206km)
San Juan County
111
Silverton
1876-01-31
Split fromLake County.
Named for theSan Juan RiverandSan Juan Mountains, which in turn were named forSaint John the Evangelist.
699
388.99sqmi
(1,007km)
San Miguel County
113
Telluride
1883-03-02
Split fromSan Juan County.
Named for theSan Miguel RiverandSan Miguel Mountains, which in turn were named forSaint Michael the Archangel.
7,359
1,290.76sqmi
(3,343km)
Sedgwick County
115
Julesburg
1889-04-09
Split fromLogan County.
Named for Fort Sedgwick, which, in turn, was named for U.S. Army GeneralJohn Sedgwick(1813 - 1864).
2,379
548.83sqmi
(1,421km)
Summit County
117
Breckenridge
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named for the many highmountain summitsin the area.
27,994
618.92sqmi
(1,603km)
Teller County
119
Cripple Creek
1899-03-23
Split fromEl PasoandFremontcounties.
Named in honor ofHenry Moore Teller, aU.S. SenatorfromColoradoandUnited States Secretary of the Interior.
23,350
558.58sqmi
(1,447km)
Washington County
121
Akron
1887-02-09
Split fromWeld County.
Named in honor ofGeorge Washington(1732 - 1799), the firstPresident of the United States.
4,814
2,522.90sqmi
(6,534km)
Weld County
123
Greeley
1861-11-01
Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado.
Named in honor of Lewis Ledyard Weld, the first Secretary of theTerritory of Colorado.
252,825
4,013.84sqmi
(10,396km)
Yuma County
125
Wray
1889-03-15
Split fromWashington County.
Named for theQuechan (Yuma) NationofNative Americans.
10,043
2,369.61sqmi
(6,137km)

科罗拉多州位于美国西部,洛矶山脉东侧,西部地形以高山和丘陵为主,东部则是高原地形。全州平均高度海拔2072米,为50个州中地势最高的一个州。落基山脉的埃尔伯特峰海拔4402米,为该州最高峰。落基山脉以东为科罗拉多山前地带,宽80公里,长440公里,地表呈波状起伏。山前地带面积为全州的34%,人口占全州的80%。再往东属高平原地区,气温干旱,年降水量平均仅406毫米,70%为夏雨。落基山脉纵贯本州中部,构成著名的大陆分水岭,东部属大西洋流域,西部属太平洋流域。落基山地东坡的普拉特河及阿肯色河都是密西西比河的支流,格兰德河南流入新墨西哥州,最后注入墨西哥湾。科罗拉多河由此州向西南流,注入加利福尼亚湾。州内落基山地以西,多未开发,有小片印第安人保留区。气候温和,丹佛的7月均温为23℃,1月均温为-2℃。

自然资源

科罗拉多州盛产矿产,以金、银。现以钼、铀、锌、钒、铜、铅、石油、煤和天然气为主。 钼产量居全国首位。 

人口比例

科罗拉多州人口520万,其中白人占总人口的78.1%,拉美裔、黑人、亚裔分别占总人口的20.9%、4.3%和2.9%。 

经济概况

科罗拉多州经济传统上以矿产开发和农业为主,自然资源非常丰富,主要包括森林、煤、原油、天然气、金、银、各种石料等。农产品主要有玉米、水果、牛肉、各类蔬菜。为摆脱过份依赖矿业和农业的局面,科罗拉多州政府一直以经济的“多元化”为主导目标,现已成为美国制造业、旅游业、服务业、通讯和高科技业、交通运输业较为发达的州。其中旅游收入在美各州中排名第8位,特别是冬季以滑雪胜地而闻名。
主要旅游景点:岩石山国家公园、科罗拉多国家历史文物、恐龙国家历史文物、大的沙丘国家历史文物和自然保护区、盛大Mesa 国家森林、派克国家森林、罗斯福国家森林、圣·伊莎贝尔国家森林、白色河国家森林、西部麋自然保护区。



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